LESSON 7: KINGDOM ANIMALIA
This lesson has the potential to be split into two separate lessons.
One on vertebrates, and one on invertebrates.
This lesson will probably have many students engaged with the different types of animals that can be found. It would be nice to include pictures of animals (especially aquatic invertebrates) that most students will have never seen before.
One on vertebrates, and one on invertebrates.
This lesson will probably have many students engaged with the different types of animals that can be found. It would be nice to include pictures of animals (especially aquatic invertebrates) that most students will have never seen before.
Background Information
Are eukaryotic and multicellular, which makes them different from bacteria and most protists.
Cells have no cell wall which distinguishes them from plants, algae, and fungi.
Have layers of tissues (muscles, nerves, etc..), specialized organs, and their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop with a well-defined shape and size, though some undergo a process of metamorphosis later in life.
Are consumers, eating other plants and animals for energy. They generally digest food in an internal chamber that has one or two openings, which makes them different from plants and algae.
Show mobility at some stage during their lives, allowing them to move spontaneously and independently.
Nearly all undergo some form of sexual reproduction. They have specialized reproductive cells. Many animals are also capable of asexual reproduction.
Vertebrates are animals that are members of the subphylum vertebrata. They make up most of the phylum Chordata. There are about 64 000 species in this group including jawless fish, bony fish, sharks, rays, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds. All vertebrates follow the basic chordate body plan which includes a stiff rod running though the length of the animal, a vertebral colum or notochord. They also have a hollow tube of nervous tissue, the spinal cord, above it, and the gastrointestinal tract below it. The mouth is found at or right below the anterior end of the animal with the anus opening to the exterior before the end of the body.
Examples: fish, frogs, lizards, birds, bears, dogs, humans
Invertebrates are animal species that do not develop a vertebral column. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. Most animal species are invertebrates, since only about 3% of animal species include a vertebral column in their anatomy.
Examples: insects, worms, clams, crabs, octopus, snails, starfish
Cells have no cell wall which distinguishes them from plants, algae, and fungi.
Have layers of tissues (muscles, nerves, etc..), specialized organs, and their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop with a well-defined shape and size, though some undergo a process of metamorphosis later in life.
Are consumers, eating other plants and animals for energy. They generally digest food in an internal chamber that has one or two openings, which makes them different from plants and algae.
Show mobility at some stage during their lives, allowing them to move spontaneously and independently.
Nearly all undergo some form of sexual reproduction. They have specialized reproductive cells. Many animals are also capable of asexual reproduction.
Vertebrates are animals that are members of the subphylum vertebrata. They make up most of the phylum Chordata. There are about 64 000 species in this group including jawless fish, bony fish, sharks, rays, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds. All vertebrates follow the basic chordate body plan which includes a stiff rod running though the length of the animal, a vertebral colum or notochord. They also have a hollow tube of nervous tissue, the spinal cord, above it, and the gastrointestinal tract below it. The mouth is found at or right below the anterior end of the animal with the anus opening to the exterior before the end of the body.
Examples: fish, frogs, lizards, birds, bears, dogs, humans
Invertebrates are animal species that do not develop a vertebral column. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. Most animal species are invertebrates, since only about 3% of animal species include a vertebral column in their anatomy.
Examples: insects, worms, clams, crabs, octopus, snails, starfish
Lesson Outline
HOOK
Images of invertebrates that most students would not know.
ACTION
Defining features of the kingdom.
Defining features of vertebrates.
Defining features of invertebrates.
CONSOLIDATION
Placemat activity: What was the most important think you learned today?
Images of invertebrates that most students would not know.
- Ask students what kingdom they should belong to and why.
ACTION
Defining features of the kingdom.
Defining features of vertebrates.
Defining features of invertebrates.
CONSOLIDATION
Placemat activity: What was the most important think you learned today?
- Think-pair-share followed by group placemat.
- If there is time, students can do a gallery walk to see other groups.
Additional Teaching Resources
- Online Interactive: Plant and animal cell comparison under a microscope
- Online Interactive: Animal cell organelles and substructures
- Video: Fish with transparent head
- Video: Spineless- The Invertebrate Song
- Video: Bill Nye Invertebrates Part 1
- Video: Bill Nye Invertebrates Part 2
- Video: Bill Nye Invertebrates Part 3
References
All images are from wikipedia.org unless otherwise stated.
Bill Nye The Science Guy. "Bill Nye invertebrates part 2 - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S5xvagTFrv4
Bill Nye The Science Guy. "Bill Nye invertebrates - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rU-pqs6gVPc
Bill Nye The Science Guy. "Bill Nye invertebrates part 3 - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehSaCnf-nxw
Di Giuseppe, M., Fraser, D, LeDrew, B, & Roberts, J. (2003). Biology 11: College Preparation. Nelson, Canada.
Ellis, C., Muller, M.R., Panayiotou, H. E., Sharp, J. C., Webb, P. (2011). Biology Source 11. Pearson Investigating Science, Toronto, Ontario.
"Invertebrates - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5E4TsarJk7Y
Learn Alberta. "Placemat Activity." Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.learnalberta.ca/content/sssm/html/placematactivity_sm.html
Newman, David. "Spineless (The Invertebrate Song) - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8EWhDdyy_IQ&list=PL9A12891D75B5D1EF
Spongelab. "Build an Animal Cell". Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.spongelab.com/interactives/buildacell/en/animal/index.cfm
"Vertebrates - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IT_y1jOoaXc
Bill Nye The Science Guy. "Bill Nye invertebrates part 2 - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S5xvagTFrv4
Bill Nye The Science Guy. "Bill Nye invertebrates - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rU-pqs6gVPc
Bill Nye The Science Guy. "Bill Nye invertebrates part 3 - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehSaCnf-nxw
Di Giuseppe, M., Fraser, D, LeDrew, B, & Roberts, J. (2003). Biology 11: College Preparation. Nelson, Canada.
Ellis, C., Muller, M.R., Panayiotou, H. E., Sharp, J. C., Webb, P. (2011). Biology Source 11. Pearson Investigating Science, Toronto, Ontario.
"Invertebrates - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5E4TsarJk7Y
Learn Alberta. "Placemat Activity." Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.learnalberta.ca/content/sssm/html/placematactivity_sm.html
Newman, David. "Spineless (The Invertebrate Song) - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8EWhDdyy_IQ&list=PL9A12891D75B5D1EF
Spongelab. "Build an Animal Cell". Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.spongelab.com/interactives/buildacell/en/animal/index.cfm
"Vertebrates - YouTube." YouTube. Retrieved on Feb 2 from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IT_y1jOoaXc